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What is Container

A container is a standardized, reusable box-like structure used for the storage and transportation of goods. It is typically made of metal, such as steel or aluminum, and has a rectangular shape with a door at one end for easy access. Containers come in various sizes and types, and they are designed to be easily stacked, loaded onto ships, trucks, and trains, and transferred between different modes of transportation without the need to unpack and repack the contents. This makes them a crucial component in the global supply chain and logistics industry.

History of Container

The concept of the container dates back to the early 20th century, but it was in the 1950s that the modern shipping container was developed and standardized. Malcolm McLean, a trucking entrepreneur, is often credited with revolutionizing the shipping industry by introducing the idea of using standardized containers that could be easily transferred between trucks and ships. This led to a significant increase in the efficiency and speed of cargo handling, reducing the time and cost associated with loading and unloading ships. Since then, the use of containers has expanded rapidly, and they have become an essential part of international trade and logistics.

Purpose of Container

• Transportation and Storage: The primary purpose of containers is to provide a safe and efficient way to transport and store goods. They protect the contents from damage, theft, and the elements during transit and while in storage. Containers can be used to ship a wide variety of goods, including raw materials, manufactured products, food, and machinery.


• Intermodal Transportation: Containers are designed to be compatible with different modes of transportation, such as ships, trucks, and trains. This allows for seamless transfer of cargo between different carriers and modes of transport, reducing the need for transshipment and handling of individual items. It also enables more efficient use of transportation resources and reduces transportation costs.


• Standardization and Globalization: The standardization of container sizes and specifications has made it possible for companies around the world to use the same containers and equipment for shipping and handling. This has greatly facilitated international trade and globalization, as it allows for easy comparison and integration of supply chains across different countries and regions.


• Customization and Specialization: In addition to the standard dry cargo containers, there are also many specialized containers available to meet specific needs. For example, there are refrigerated containers for transporting perishable goods, tank containers for transporting liquids and gases, open-top containers for oversized or bulky items, and flat-rack containers for heavy machinery and equipment. These specialized containers enable the transportation of a wide range of goods that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to ship.

Principle of Container

Containers operate on the principle of providing a sealed and secure enclosure for goods. The rectangular shape and standardized dimensions allow for efficient stacking and storage, both on ships and in warehouses. The door at one end provides easy access for loading and unloading the contents. The container's structure is designed to withstand the stresses and forces encountered during transportation, such as vibrations, impacts, and changes in temperature and humidity. The use of strong and durable materials, such as steel or aluminum, ensures the integrity of the container and the safety of the goods inside. Additionally, the standardized design and fittings allow for easy handling and connection to different transportation equipment, such as cranes, forklifts, and trailers.

Features of Container

1. Standardization: Containers are highly standardized in terms of size, shape, and construction. The most common container size is the 20-foot and 40-foot containers, although there are also other sizes available. This standardization allows for easy handling and interchangeability between different transportation modes and equipment.
2. Durability: Made of strong materials like steel or aluminum, containers are built to withstand the rigors of transportation and storage. They can resist impacts, vibrations, and weather conditions, ensuring the safety and integrity of the goods inside.
3. Security: Containers provide a high level of security for the goods. The sealed and locked door at one end, along with the solid construction, makes it difficult for unauthorized access and theft. Additionally, some containers may have additional security features such as tamper-evident seals and locking mechanisms.
4. Stackability: The rectangular shape and uniform dimensions of containers make them easy to stack on top of each other. This allows for efficient use of space on ships, trucks, and in warehouses, reducing the cost of transportation and storage.[!--empirenews.page--]
5. Easy Handling: Containers are designed for easy handling by cranes, forklifts, and other material handling equipment. The corner fittings and other structural elements provide convenient points for lifting and moving the container, making the loading and unloading process quick and efficient.
6. Customization: While standard containers are widely used, there is also a wide range of customized containers available to meet specific needs. This includes refrigerated containers, tank containers, open-top containers, and flat-rack containers, among others.

Types of Container

• Dry Cargo Container: This is the most common type of container, used for transporting general dry goods such as clothing, electronics, and furniture. It is a sealed box with a door at one end and comes in standard sizes of 20 feet and 40 feet.


• Refrigerated Container: Also known as reefers, these containers are used for transporting perishable goods such as fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy products. They are equipped with a refrigeration system that can maintain a specific temperature range to keep the goods fresh during transit.


• Tank Container: Designed for transporting liquids and gases, tank containers have a cylindrical tank inside the container body. They are used for transporting substances such as chemicals, fuels, and liquefied gases.


• Open-Top Container: These containers have an open top, which allows for easy loading and unloading of oversized or bulky items that cannot fit through the standard door. They are often used for transporting machinery, construction materials, and large pieces of equipment.


• Flat-Rack Container: A flat-rack container has a flat platform with no sides or top, except for the end walls and corner fittings. It is used for transporting heavy machinery, large steel structures, and other items that require a flat and open surface for loading and unloading.

Precautions for using Container

• Proper Loading: Ensure that the goods are properly loaded into the container to prevent shifting and damage during transportation. Use appropriate packing materials and secure the goods in place. Avoid overloading the container, as this can cause structural damage and affect the safety of the shipment.


• Inspection and Maintenance: Regularly inspect the container for any signs of damage, such as cracks, dents, or rust. Check the door seals and locking mechanisms to ensure they are in good working order. Perform routine maintenance such as cleaning the container and painting it to prevent corrosion.


• Ventilation and Temperature Control: If transporting goods that are sensitive to temperature or humidity, ensure that the container has proper ventilation and temperature control. For example, perishable goods in refrigerated containers need to have the correct temperature settings and regular monitoring to prevent spoilage.


• Security Precautions: Take appropriate security measures to protect the container and its contents. Use high-quality locks and seals, and ensure that the container is stored in a secure location when not in use. Monitor the container during transportation to prevent theft and unauthorized access.


• Documentation and Labeling: Complete all necessary documentation and labeling for the shipment. This includes the bill of lading, packing list, and any other required customs and shipping documents. Proper labeling of the container and its contents is also important for easy identification and handling.

Things to consider when purchasing Container

• Type and Size: Determine the type of container and the size that best suits your needs. Consider the nature of the goods you will be transporting and the available space for storage and transportation. For example, if you are transporting perishable goods, you will need a refrigerated container of an appropriate size.


• Quality and Standards: Look for containers that comply with relevant international standards such as ISO standards. Ensure that the container is made of high-quality materials and has been properly tested and certified. A good quality container will provide better durability and safety for your goods.


• Cost and Budget: Consider the cost of the container, including the initial purchase price, as well as the long-term costs of maintenance, repair, and replacement. Compare prices from different suppliers and choose the most cost-effective option. Keep in mind that a higher-quality container may have a higher initial cost but could offer better durability and safety in the long run.


• Brand and Reputation: Research different brands of containers and their reputations in the market. Look for companies with a good track record of producing reliable and high-quality containers. Read customer reviews and seek recommendations from industry peers to ensure that you are investing in a reputable product.[!--empirenews.page--]


• After-sales Service and Support: Check the availability of after-sales service, including technical support, spare parts availability, and maintenance contracts. A reliable service network can be crucial in ensuring the smooth operation of the container and minimizing downtime in case of any issues.

Terms of Container

Some common terms related to container include ISO container, 20-foot container, 40-foot container, dry cargo, refrigerated container, tank container, open-top container, flat-rack container, stacking, handling, and standardization. Understanding these terms is important for effectively operating, maintaining, and purchasing containers.