A straightening machine is a mechanical device designed to correct the shape of materials, typically metal bars, rods, wires, or tubes, that have become bent or distorted during manufacturing, transportation, or storage. It applies a series of forces to the material to gradually remove the bends and restore it to a straight condition.
The concept of straightening materials has been around for a long time. In early metalworking, simple manual methods such as hammering and bending over anvils were used to straighten metal objects. With the growth of the industrial sector and the need for more precise and efficient manufacturing processes, the first mechanical straightening machines were developed. These early machines were relatively basic, but they laid the foundation for modern, highly accurate straightening equipment. As technology advanced, the use of hydraulics, electronics, and advanced control systems led to the development of more sophisticated straightening machines that can handle a wide variety of materials and shapes with greater precision.
Straightening machines generally work on the principle of applying opposing forces to the bent material to gradually reduce the curvature. There are different types of straightening mechanisms. One common method is the roller - type straightening. The material is passed through a series of rollers that are arranged in a specific pattern. The rollers apply pressure at different points along the material's length and in different directions. As the material passes through these rollers, the bends are gradually straightened. Another principle is the use of hydraulic or mechanical presses that apply a concentrated force at specific points on the bent material to correct the deformation.